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FIORINI INTERNATIONAL
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ENTER TO MAIN SITE
HISTORY OF PAPER
The art of making paper was discovered by the Chinese in the second century AD Was introduced into Central Asia and Persia by the Arabs, who learned the technique from the Chinese. The first paper mill was built in Samarkand, other plants were planted then also in Baghdad, Damascus, in Armenia, Persia and Egypt.
Hence the paper reached the Mediterranean, spreading first in Spain, Jativa, near Valencia, in the twelfth century, and later in Italy, in Bologna, in Amalfi, in Friuli, but especially in Fabriano in the Marche d ' Ancona.
This was the center of production of paper is also famous for technical improvements to manufacturing.
Raw material to produce the paper were the rags of linen, hemp and cotton. They were first washed, divided according to quality and then left to soak in water. Were then cut into pieces and taken to the mill. Here were subjected to the action of "hammering multiple cells. The shaft of the mill was fitted with projections of wood that were used to actuate hammers and pestles that moves in the wooden tub containing the rags soaked with soapy water until they turn into paste. The resulting paste was transferred in "tini".
Here he plunged a wooden frame consisting of a series of small rods of bronze, known as "rods, spaced a few millimeters, held down by chains of wires of copper or bronze, called" strands ". I also invented the paper-makers Fabriano watermark. The frame was shaken several times until the dough is deposited uniformly. Was obtained as a sheet that was then spread out to dry on a wool felt. Several sheets interspersed with felts pass under a press to remove water and allow the posting. For all these operations was necessary in a lot of water, about two thousand liters for each kilogram of paper. To make the card capable of writing was essential to proceed to sealing with glue obtained from scrap leather tanning.
Then proceeded to smoothing with a flint to remove all imperfections.
The paper used for prints of art is distinguished by certain characteristics: it must have a uniform surface and be sufficiently porous and absorbent, suitable to receive the impression of the inked plate. In past centuries, the materials were the most common paper rods and the "Japanese paper" (more compact and devoid of rods).
Even today the best card for the printing of art is crafted by hand, derived from soaking rags, frayed edges generally.
